Welcome to the CarbOnlineHagen 2021 homepage. We brought 12 top-class speakers to your home or office in 2020 and 2021 a time where we need to interact more and better to keep 2D science in motion, all for free. We hope you enjoyed it. All talks from 2021 are non online (see www.youtube.com/nanoclips), and they can also be seen by scrolling further down this page.
Scroll down for abstracts Registration is free
11/2
10.00 CET |  | CVD graphene: Past, Present, and Future
Rodney Ruoff, UNIST, KR (Opening Lecture)
| 15/2
15.00 CET | | Emerging properties of amorphous layered membranes (carbon and boron-nitride)
Stephan Roche, ICN2, ES
Watch tutorial on polycrystalline graphene here | 1/3
15.00 CET |  | Engineering Deformed Graphene Membranes: From confined charges to Valley Filters and Moire Structures
Nancy Sandler, University of Ohio, US
| 8/3
15.00 CET |  | Hydrodynamic Conductivity and Viscosity in Bilayer and Monolayer Graphene
James Hone, Columbia University, US
| 22/3
16.00 CET | | Bilayer graphene – a tunable 2D semiconductor for quantum electronics
Christoph Stampfer, RTWH Aachen University, DE
| 22/4
10.00 CET | | One atom thin Capillaries: Confined Water, Ion and Gas flows
Radha Boya, Univ. Manchester, UK
| 22/4
11.00
CET | | Nanophotonics with phonon polaritons in 2Dmaterials
Rainer Hillenbrand, NanoGune, ES
| 26/4
16.00 CET | 
| What are 2D Materials good for?
Eric Pop, Stanford University, US
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Programme may be subject to change - More speakers may be added
CarbOnlineHagen? In 2020, the Carbonhagen conference series (2010-2019) was revived as "CarbOnlineHagen" to support the research community during the lockdown in Spring 2020. In 2021 we are back.
Format? The format is simple. A 40 minute talk is given by a hand-picked invited speaker, whose research we are excited about. Moderators will collect and answer questions during the talk, and there will be 20 minutes of open discussion with the speaker after that.
Registration? Registration is free, but required to get a link to the event.
Organisers? The meeting is organised by DTU Physics, Technical University of Denmark, chaired by Prof. Peter Bøggild. Contact us at info@carbonhagen.com.
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posted 26 Apr 2021, 09:58 by Peter Boggild
Eric Pop (2021 - April 26 - 16.00 CET, GMT+1) Electrical Engineering, Materials Science & Engineering, and SystemX Alliance
Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305, U.S.A. Contact: epop@stanford.edu
http://poplab.stanford.edu This talk will present an electrical engineer’s (biased) perspective for what 2D materials could be good for. For example, they may be good for applications where their ultrathin nature and lack of dangling bonds give them distinct advantages, such as flexible electronics [1] or DNA-sorting nanopores [2]. They may not be good for applications where conventional materials work well, like in transistors thicker than a few nanometers. I will focus on the case of 2D materials for 3D heterogeneous integration of electronics, which presents significant advantages for energy-efficient computing [3]. In this context, 2D materials could be monolayer transistors with ultralow leakage [4] (taking advantage of larger band gaps than silicon), and they could play a role in high-density data storage [5]. For example, recent results from our group have shown monolayer transistors with record performance [6,7], which cannot be achieved with sub-nanometer thin conventional semiconductors. I will also describe some less conventional applications, using 2D materials as highly efficient thermal insulators [8] and as thermal transistors [9]. These could enable control of heat in “thermal circuits” analogous with electrical circuits. Combined, these studies reveal fundamental limits and some unusual applications of 2D materials, which take advantage of their unique properties. [1] A. Daus et al., arXiv:2009.04056 (2020)
[2] J. Shim et al. Nanoscale 9, 14836 (2017)
[3] M. Aly et al., Computer 48, 24 (2015)
[4] C. Bailey et al., EMC (2019)
[5] C. Neumann et al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 114, 082103 (2019)
[6] C. English et al., IEDM, Dec 2016
[7] C. McClellan et al. ACS Nano 15, 1587 (2021)
[8] S. Vaziri et al., Science Adv. 5, eaax1325 (2019)
[9] A. Sood et al. Nature Comm. 9, 4510 (2018). 
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posted 22 Apr 2021, 10:29 by Peter Boggild
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updated 26 Apr 2021, 09:36
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Rainer Hillenbrand (2021 - April 22 - 11:00 CET, GMT+1)
CIC nanoGUNE BRTA University of the Basque Country
Phonon polaritons - light coupled to optical lattice vibrations - in 2D materials exhibit ultra-short wavelengths, long lifetimes and strong field confinement, which allow for manipulating infrared light at the nanometer scale. Here, we discuss real-space nanoimaging studies of ultra-confined infrared phonon polaritons, essentially in thin hexagonal boron nitride layers and nanostructures, using scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) and nanoscale infrared Fourier transform (nano-FTIR) spectroscopy. We visualize and analyze phonon polaritons in nanoscale waveguides and resonators, as well as propagation with anomalous wavefronts when the (effective) in-plane permittivity of the 2D material is strongly anisotropic. Particularly, we will demonstrate that phonon polaritons can be utilized to achieve vibrational strong coupling with nanoscale amounts of organic molecules.
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posted 22 Apr 2021, 10:28 by Peter Boggild
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updated 22 Apr 2021, 10:32
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Radha Boya (2021 - April 22 - 10:00 CET, GMT+1)
Condensed Matter Physics Group, The University of Manchester and National Graphene Institute
Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
It has been an aspiring goal to controllably fabricate nanopores and capillaries with dimensions approaching the size of small ions and water molecules. But surface roughness makes it challenging to produce capillaries with precisely controlled dimensions at this spatial scale. We have developed a method for fabrication of one atom thin, smooth angstrom (Å) scale capillaries through van der Waals assembly of two-dimensional (2D)-materials [1-5]. These capillaries can be envisaged as if individual atomic planes are removed from a bulk layered crystal leaving behind flat voids of a chosen height. A core strand of the work that I will present is the development of Angstrom-capillaries as a platform to probe intriguing molecular-scale phenomena experimentally, including: water flow under extreme atomic-scale confinement [5], complete steric exclusion of ions [3,5], voltage gating of ion flows [4] translocation of DNA [6], and specular reflection and quantum effects in gas reflections off a surface [2]. I will discuss and compare these gas flows to that in atomic-scale apertures, created from missing tungsten (W) sites in freestanding (WS2) monolayers, which show fast helium flow [7].
[1] B. Radha et al., Molecular transport through capillaries made with atomic-scale precision. Nature 538, 222 (2016).
[2] A. Keerthi et al., Ballistic molecular transport through two-dimensional channels, Nature, 558, 420 (2018).
[3] A. Esfandiar et al., Size effect in ion transport through angstrom-scale slits. Science 358, 511 (2017).
[4] T. Mouterde et al., Molecular streaming and voltage gated response in Angstrom scale channels. Nature 567, 87 (2019).
[5] K. Gopinadhan et al., Complete ion exclusion and proton transport through monolayer water. Science 363, 145 (2019).
[6] W. Yang et al., Advanced Materials 2007682, (2021).
[7] J. Thiruraman et al., Gas flows through atomic-scale apertures, Science Advances 6, eabc7927, (2020).
Prof. Radha Boya is a Professor, Royal Society University Research and Kathleen Ollerenshaw fellow at the University of Manchester (UoM). She completing her PhD in India and worked as a post-doctoctoral fellow in Northwestern University, United States. She has secured a series of highly prestigious international research fellowships, Mari-Curie fellowship, Kathleen Ollerenshaw fellowship, Royal society university research fellowship that have enabled her to rapidly build her research profile in the United Kingdom. Radha has 49 peer-reviewed publications, written two book chapters and has three patents. She was awarded as RSC Marlow award, UNESCO-L’Oréal International Rising Talent, L’Oréal UK & Ireland women in science fellow, and was recognized as an inventor of MIT Technology Review's global "Innovators under 35"
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posted 18 Apr 2021, 08:55 by Peter Boggild
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updated 26 Apr 2021, 09:35
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Christoph Stampfer (2021 - March 22 - 16:00 CET, GMT+1)
JARA-FIT and 2nd Institute of Physics, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
Christoph Stampfer is Professor of Experimental Solid State Physics at the RWTH Aachen University and researcher at the Forschungszentrum Jülich. His primary interests include graphene and 2D materials research, quantum transport, and micro electromechanical systems. He holds a Dipl.-Ing. Degree in Technical Physics from the TU Vienna (Austria) and a Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from the ETH Zurich (Switzerland). He was a staff member at the Institute for Micro and Nano Systems of the ETH Zurich from 2003 to 2007 and staff member of the Solid State Laboratory (Ensslin-Group at ETH Zurich) from 2007 to 2009. From 2009 till 2013 he was JARA-FIT Junior Professor at the RWTH Aachen and the Forschungszentrum Jülich. He has been awarded with an ERC Starting Grant to work on "Graphene Quantum Electromechanical Systems" in 2011, was a member of the Young Scientist community of the World Economic Forum and received in 2018 an ERC Consolidator Grant to work on “2D Materials for Quantum Technologies”.
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posted 9 Mar 2021, 06:47 by Peter Boggild
James Hone (2021 - March 8 - 15:00 CET, GMT+1) Columbia University, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering New York NY USA jh2228@columbia.edu
Hydrodynamic electronic transport occurs when carrier-carrier collisions constitute the dominant scattering mechanism. This talk will present two recent studies of hydrodynamic behaviour in monolayer and bilayer graphene. I will first describe our work establishing bilayer graphene a model hydrodynamic semiconductor, in which carrier-carrier collisions play a dominant role over a wide range of temperature and carrier density. Remarkably, a simple model captures the complex interplay between carrier-carrier scattering and conventional dissipative scattering. This model consists of a universal Coulomb drag contribution that dominates at charge neutrality and decays with increasing density, and a non-universal dissipative contribution corresponding to collective motion of the electron-hole plasma. We compare this model to electrical transport measurements of ultraclean bilayer graphene encapsulated within hBN, with dual gates providing independent control over carrier density and bandgap. At charge neutrality, these samples show electron-hole limited conductivity over a wide temperature range. A single set of fit parameters provides quantitative agreement with experiments at all densities, temperatures, and gaps measured, allowing for separate extraction of the electron-hole and dissipative contributions. Our work provides the first complete description of electronic transport in bilayer graphene and provides an intuitive understanding for electron-hole limited transport across a wide range of parameters. In the second part of the talk, I will describe a new approach to determine the viscosity of electrons in graphene using geometrical magnetoresistance (MR) in a Corbino disk. In the degenerate limit where Fermi energy EF is much higher than thermal energy kBT, the shear viscosity scales unexpectedly with 1/T. As kBT approaches EF, we for the first time observe a crossover to a T2 dependence in monolayer graphene, signifying a quantum critical Dirac fluid. Remarkably, viscosity in the entire EF −T phase space is described by a universal expression considering both finite-momentum and zero-momentum modes. These results provide valuable insight into electron hydrodynamics, and the new probe of viscosity developed here can be directly employed in other systems of interest such as twisted bilayer graphene.
James Hone is currently Wang Fong-Jen Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Columbia University, and director of PAS3, Columbia’s Materials Science Research and Engineering Center (MRSEC). He received his BS in physics from Yale in 1990, and PhD in experimental condensed matter physics from UC Berkeley in 1998, and did postdoctoral work at the University of Pennsylvania and Caltech, where he was a Millikan Fellow. He joined the Columbia faculty in 2003.
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posted 4 Mar 2021, 03:46 by Peter Boggild
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updated 9 Mar 2021, 06:45
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Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA.
Furthermore, we showed that fold structures provide filtering in broader energy ranges and exhibit robust features against geometrical parameter variations and incident current directions. However, designing proper geometries is not enough to isolate valley states, fully embedded in the continuum that makes graphene a semimetal. Taking the strained membrane into the Quantum Hall regimes allows the separation of these states from the continuum and provides the flexibility of positioning them at different locations in the sample. More exciting is the possibility of developing band structure engineering protocols by designing substrates able to induce specific periodic strain patterns. Our recent studies reveal that Moire structures' characteristic features appear in images of electronic charge distributions of graphene samples deposited on regular arrays of deformations. These systems exhibit narrow bands at low energies reminiscent of those observed in twisted bilayer structures, suggesting the possibility for the emergence of novel correlated physics in single graphene membranes.
Professor Nancy Sandler is a faculty in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at Ohio University (OU), in Athens, Ohio, USA. She is a member of the Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute (NQPI) and science editor of its newsletter and member of the Editorial College at SciPost. Prof. Sandler's research focuses on novel low-dimensional materials' electronic properties and the effects of strong correlations. She is active in outreach and education activities serving as a board member in the Margaret Boyd Scholar Program, a leadership program for women undergraduates at OU, and as the physics science director in the NSF-funded NOYCE teacher fellowship program. A native of Argentina, she obtained her Lic. en Ciencias Fisicas degree from the Universidad Nacional de Buenos Aires. She continued her studies at the University of Urbana-Champaign in Illinois, USA, where she received her Ph.D. in theoretical physics (1998). After holding postdoctoral positions at ENS and Orsay (France) and Brandeis and BU (USA), she joined the Ohio University faculty in 2005. She was a visiting professor at the Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems at Freie Universitat, Berlin, Germany (2012-13), and is currently a visiting faculty in the Department of Physics at the Technical University of Denmark (DTU) and the Niels Bohr Institute at the University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
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posted 15 Feb 2021, 12:01 by Peter Boggild
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updated 9 Mar 2021, 06:48
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Catalan Institute of Nanoscience Nanotechnology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain ICREA, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats, Spain
 Formidable progress has been recently achieved in the fabrication and characterization of disordered materials with unprecedented properties. In this context, particular forms of disordered graphene (reduced graphene oxides), obtained by chemical exfoliation techniques, have been found suitable to improve the performances of composite materials, with application in energy. Moreover, the recent demonstrated possibility to synthesize wafer-scale two-dimensional amorphous carbon monolayers and boron-nitride, structurally dominated by sp2 hybridization has initiated a new platform of low-dimensional materials to explore as alternative forms of membranes with enhanced chemical reactivity which could serve as coating materials. The excellent physical properties of the mentioned materials derive from the nature and degree of their disorder which, controlled at the fabrication level, represents the key ingredient to tune their physical/chemical properties for specific target applications. In this respect, new fabrication strategies to modify the degree of disorder and a systematic theoretical characterization of the impact of the material structural quality on the ultimate performance is urgent. Here, I will present the results of our theoretical investigation of systematic analysis of the structural and vibrational properties of amorphous carbon and boron nitride monolayers as a function of the structural quality of the material, showing how disorder results in a tunable thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity varying by orders of magnitude. In particular, I will identify how energy is dissipated in this material by a systematic analysis of emerging vibrational modes whose localization increases with the loss of spatial symmetries. Our simulations provide some recipe to design most suitable "amorphous graphene" based on the target applications such as ultrathin heat spreaders, energy harvesters or insulating thermal barriers. The unprecedented properties of amorphous boron nitride will be also discussed in the context of recent discovery of their ultralow dielectric coefficient, which provides an exceptional material for further boosting interconnects technologies in advanced nanoelectronics.
TUTORIAL: Review of Polycrystalline Graphene Properties Professor Stephan Roche is also offering a tutorial, "Review on Polycrystalline Graphene Properties", at 14.00 CET, 1 hour before his main talk. Please register HERE.
Stephan Roche: Review of Polycrystalline Graphene Properties Stephan Roche: Emerging properties of amorphous layered membranes (carbon and boron-nitride) |
posted 15 Feb 2021, 11:57 by Peter Boggild
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updated 9 Mar 2021, 06:48
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 I’ll attempt to present some history of CVD growth of graphene, particularly on metal foils, describe some current research and near-term goals, and then look to the future while outlining several goals that merit consideration. The reader might consider these articles below prior to my presentation. (i) The large area single crystal metal foils (Cu, Ni, Co, Pd, Pt) we make by ‘colossal grain growth’ (Science, 2018: doi.org/10.1126/science.aao3373) allow (ii) growing “truly single layer and single crystal graphene” (no adlayers-no regions having 2 layers, 3 layers, etc.; Advanced Materials 2019: doi.org/10.1002/adma.201903615), (iii) obtaining large area, epitaxial, AB-stacked bilayer graphene on single crystal Cu-Ni(111) foils (Nature Nanotechnology: doi.org/10.1038/s41565-019-0622-8), and using this AB-stacked BLG to make (iv) fluorinated single layer diamond (“F-diamane”, Nature Nanotechnology: doi.org/10.1038/s41565-019-0582-z). (v) Why do wrinkles (and folds) appear in single layer graphene with some metal foil substrates and not others—it’s the interplay between adhesion (friction) and deadhesion (Advanced Materials, 2018: doi.org/10.1002/adma.201706504, Advanced Materials 2019: doi.org/10.1002/adma.201903615; “fold-free single crystal graphene”: submitted).
Rodney S. Ruoff, UNIST Distinguished Professor (The Departments of Chemistry, Materials Science, and The School of Energy Science and Chemical Engineering), directs the Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), an Institute for Basic Science Center (IBS Center) located at the Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) campus. Prior to joining UNIST in 2014, he was the Cockrell Family Regents Endowed Chair Professor at the University of Texas at Austin from September, 2007. He earned his Ph.D. in Chemical Physics from the University of Illinois-Urbana in 1988, and was a Fulbright Fellow in 1988-89 at the Max Planck Institute für Strömungsforschung in Göttingen, Germany. He was at Northwestern University from January 2000 to August 2007, where he was the John Evans Professor of Nanoengineering and director of NU’s Biologically Inspired Materials Institute. He has authored or co-authored about 500 peer-reviewed publications related to chemistry, physics, materials science, mechanics, and biomedical science. Rod is a Fellow of the Materials Research Society, the American Physical Society, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and the Royal Society of Chemistry. He is the recipient of the 2014 Turnbull Prize from the MRS, the 2016 SGL Skakel Award from the American Carbon Society, the James C. McGroddy Prize for New Materials from the American Physical Society in 2018, and has been named a “Citation Laureate” (Clarivate Analytics) for many years. For further background on some of his research see: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodney_S._Ruoff . [If of interest: Google Citation H-index 161, I-10 Index 503, 41 publications cited > 1000 times and 10 > 5000 times. A ‘highly cited researcher’ in Chemistry, Physics, and Materials Science, since such statistics have been reported by Thomson Reuters (and more recently by Clarivate Analytics).]
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posted 15 Feb 2021, 11:55 by Peter Boggild
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, USA
2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL 60208-3108, USA
m-hersam@northwestern.edu; http://www.hersam-group.northwestern.edu/
The exponentially improving performance of conventional digital computers has slowed in recent years due to the speed and power consumption issues that are largely attributable to the von Neumann bottleneck (i.e., the need to transfer data between spatially separate processor and memory blocks). In contrast, neuromorphic (i.e., brain-like) computing aims to circumvent the limitations of von Neumann architectures by spatially co-locating processor and memory blocks or even combining logic and data storage functions within the same device. In addition to reducing power consumption in conventional computing, neuromorphic devices also provide efficient architectures for emerging applications such as image recognition, machine learning, and artificial intelligence [1]. With this motivation in mind, this talk will explore the opportunities for atomically thin materials in neuromorphic devices. For example, by combining p-type single-walled carbon nanotube thin films with n-type transition metal dichalcogenides, gate-tunable diodes have been realized, which show anti-ambipolar transfer characteristics that are suitable for artificial neurons, competitive learning, and spiking circuits [2]. In addition, by exploiting field-driven defect motion mediated by grain boundaries in monolayer MoS2, gate-tunable memristive phenomena have been achieved, which enable hybrid memristor/transistor devices (i.e., “memtransistors”) that concurrently provide logic and data storage functions [3]. The planar geometry of memtransistors further allows multiple contacts to the channel region that mimic the behavior of biological neurons such as heterosynaptic responses [4]. Overall, this work introduces new foundational circuit elements for neuromorphic computing in addition to providing alternative pathways for studying and utilizing the unique charge transport characteristics of atomically thin materials and heterostructures [5].
[1] V. K. Sangwan, et al., Nature Nanotechnology, DOI: 10.1038/s41565-020-0647-z (2020).
[2] M. E. Beck, et al., Nature Communications, 11, 1565 (2020).
[3] V. K. Sangwan, et al., Nature Nanotechnology, 10, 403 (2015).
[4] V. K. Sangwan, et al., Nature, 554, 500 (2018).
[5] D. Jariwala, et al., Nature Materials, 16, 170 (2017).
Mark C. Hersam is the Walter P. Murphy Professor of Materials Science and Engineering and Director of the Materials Research Center at Northwestern University. He also holds faculty appointments in the Departments of Chemistry, Applied Physics, Medicine, and Electrical Engineering. He earned a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) in 1996, M.Phil. in Physics from the University of Cambridge (UK) in 1997, and a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from UIUC in 2000. His research interests include nanomaterials, nanomanufacturing, scanning probe microscopy, nanoelectronic devices, and renewable energy. Dr. Hersam has received several honors including the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers, TMS Robert Lansing Hardy Award, AVS Peter Mark Award, MRS Outstanding Young Investigator, U.S. Science Envoy, MacArthur Fellowship, and eight Teacher of the Year Awards. An elected member of the National Academy of Inventors, Dr. Hersam has founded two companies, NanoIntegris and Volexion, which are commercial suppliers of nanoelectronic and battery materials, respectively. Dr. Hersam is a Fellow of MRS, AVS, APS, AAAS, SPIE, and IEEE, and also serves as an Associate Editor of ACS Nano.
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posted 15 Feb 2021, 11:54 by Peter Boggild
University of Manchester This talk aims to demonstrate how atomic resolution transmission electron microscope imaging is being used to support and enable the development of 2D materials and their heterostructures. The possibility to create new ‘designer’ materials by stacking together atomically thin layers extracted from layered materials with different properties has opened up a huge range of opportunities, from new optoelectronic phenomena [1], modifying and enhancing electron interactions in moire superlattices [2], to creating a totally new concept of designer nanochannels for molecular or ionic transport [3]. The impressive progress being achieved in the field crucially depends on knowledge of the atomic structure of these heterostructures, which in many cases can only be analysed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. In this talk I will try to illustrate this statement with some of our recent work. For example, plan view imaging of point defect dynamics in graphene encapsulated monochalcogenides, GaSe and InSe (Fig. 2) [4].
Cross sectional imaging allows analysis and also prediction of the  microstructures produced when 2D van der Waals material (graphite, boron nitride, MoSe2) are subjected to mechanical deformation [5]. We find that above a critical thickness the materials exhibit numerous twin boundaries and for large bend angles these can contain nanoscale regions of local delamination (Fig.1). Such features are proposed to be important in determining how easily the material can be thinned by mechanical or liquid exfoliation.[5] We finally demonstrate study of twisted bilayer structures of semiconducting transition metal chalcogenides where we see unexpected structural relaxation, different to that observed in bilayer graphene. Complementary scanning tunnelling measurements show that such reconstruction creates strong piezoelectric textures, opening a new avenue for engineering of 2D material properties [6].[1] Zultak, Nature Communications 11 (1), 1-6 (2020)
[2] R. Krishna-Kumar, Science 357, 181-184 (2017)
[3] B. Radha et al. Nature 538, 222–225 (2016) and Keerthi, et al Nature 558 (7710), 420-424. (2018)
[4] Hopkinson et al ASC Nano 13 (5), 5112-5123 (2019)
[5] Rooney et al 9, Nature Communications, 9, 3597, (2018) [6] Weston et al Nature Nanotechnology, in press (2020).
Sarah Haigh is Professor of Materials in the Department of Materials at University of Manchester, Director of the Electron Microscopy Centre (the largest in the UK), and Deputy Director of the BP International Centre for Advanced Materials. Her group applies advanced transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques to understand nanomaterial performance and she holds an ERC Starter Grant developing in situ TEM techniques with 2D heterostructures.
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